Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed an innovative method to make plant-based plastics stronger and less prone to breaking. These natural polymers, which include soy proteins and cellulose, are being explored as environmentally friendly alternatives. However, to effectively replace conventional plastics, these plant-based materials need to be tougher and more durable.
Led by Professor Marcus Foston, the research team focused on cellulose, the most common natural polymer found on Earth. Cellulose can be broken down into nanocrystals, which serve as the building blocks for biodegradable plastics. Although these nanocrystals hold promise, they still need to be improved to match the strength and flexibility of conventional plastics.
In their study, the researchers discovered that they could enhance the properties of these nanocellulose materials by changing how the nanocrystals interact with each other. They applied polydopamine, a substance inspired by the sticky proteins mussels produce to cling to surfaces underwater. This coating allowed the nanocrystals to stick together more effectively.
As a result, the coated nanocellulose material became more than three times stronger and more flexible. This significant increase in strength and flexibility makes the material much better suited for practical applications, such as packaging or other everyday products. The team’s findings show that natural materials like soy protein and cellulose can be improved through such innovative techniques.
Foston explained that their work demonstrates a promising way to use renewable, plant-based materials for creating stronger, greener plastics. This advancement opens the door for more sustainable options in industries that rely heavily on plastics, helping reduce environmental impact. The research serves as an important step toward developing biodegradable materials that can replace many conventional plastics used today.
