Researchers at NIOZ have developed Xiriton, an innovative, eco-friendly biomaterial made from local grass species and seawater. Unlike traditional concrete, Xiriton captures CO2 during its production, making it a greener option for coastal restoration projects. The material was tested successfully as a substrate for shell banks, salt marshes, and other tidal area restorations.
Xiriton is easy to produce using dried grass, volcanic pozzolan, lime, shells, sand, and seawater. The researchers placed blocks of Xiriton on the mudflat in Yerseke, exposing them to the tides twice daily. After a year, about 70% of each block was covered with marine life, including oysters, mussels, and algae; signs of its suitability for supporting biodiversity.
The material’s pH level, between 8 and 9, is much more neutral than traditional concrete, which is highly alkaline with a pH of around 13. This neutrality benefits marine organisms settling on the structures. Tests also showed that after 63 days of heavy flow, Xiriton’s strength matched that of Roman cement, proving its durability.
Xiriton can be shaped into various forms, such as coffee cup molds, and its composition can be adjusted to control how long it lasts in the environment. Some variants are designed to naturally break down, supporting temporary structures that help restore natural reefs and salt marshes without long-term environmental impact.
Developed by Swiss innovator Frank Bucher, Xiriton has potential uses beyond restoration, including construction. Experts believe biomaterials like Xiriton are vital for reducing humanity’s ecological footprint and fostering sustainable, nature-inclusive coastal protection solutions.
